| Issue |
J Dentofacial Anom Orthod
Volume 15, Number 1, July 2012
Varia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 103 | |
| Number of page(s) | 12 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/odfen/2011403 | |
| Published online | 16 April 2012 | |
The gummy smile
Address for correspondence: T. PIRAL Service de chirurgie maxillo-facial et plastique de la face. Groupe hospitalier Paris-Saint-Joseph 185, rue Raymond Losserand, 75674 Paris cedex 14. thierry.piral@gmail.com
A gummy smile is one in which excessive amounts of gingival tissue are revealed as individuals begin to laugh or when they show their teeth in a smile.
In addition to cosmetic methods of concealing this condition, a variety of orthodontic and surgical procedures can, independently or in conjunction, modify the structural elements that constitute a gummy smile.
Nevertheless marked gummy smiles are always characterized by specific dento-maxillary discrepancies, a global vertical maxillary excess or overdevelopment of the alveolar processes, the premaxilla and the proalveolus constituting excess anterior vertical dimension. For each of these instances, the author proposes therapeutic treatment plans and illustrates them with corresponding clinical cases.
Key words: Osteotomy / Gummy smile / Premaxilla / Proalveolus
© RODF / EDP Sciences
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